Walking and Cycling
Report on Public Transport Provision in Rural and Depopulated Areas in the United Kingdom
Discussion Paper,
1 March 2015
What Do We Mean by a Level Playing Field in International Aviation?
Discussion Paper,
1 February 2015
The Regulatory Asset Base Model and the Project Finance Model: A Comparative Analysis
Discussion Paper,
1 February 2015
Public Private Partnerships for Transport Infrastructure: Renegotiations, How to Approach Them and Economic Outcomes. Roundtable Summary and Conclusions.
Discussion Paper,
1 February 2015
EU Air Transport Liberalisation Process, Impacts and Future Considerations
Discussion Paper,
1 January 2015
Ex-post Assessment of Transport Investments and Policy Interventions
Discussion Paper,
1 January 2015
International Freight and Related CO2 Emissions by 2050: A New Modelling Tool
Discussion Paper,
1 December 2014
The Renegotiation of PPP Contracts: An Overview of its Recent Evolution in Latin America
Discussion Paper,
1 December 2014
Renegotiation of Transportation Public-Private Partnerships: The U.S. Experience
Discussion Paper,
1 December 2014
Causal Influence for Ex-post Evaluation of Transport Interventions
Discussion Paper,
30 September 2014
The National Audit Office’s Value-for-Money Assessment of Transport Investments
Discussion Paper,
31 July 2014
Planning and Designing Transport Systems to Ensure Safe Travel for Women
Discussion Paper,
1 March 2014
Cycling, Health and Safety
Research Report, Policy Insights,
19 December 2013
- Insufficient evidence supports causality for the “safety in numbers” phenomenon – policies increasing the number of cyclists should be accompanied by risk-reduction actions.
- Efforts must be made to harmonise definitions of bicycle accident terminology so as to be able to make reliable international comparisons on cyclist safety.
- National authorities should set standards for, collect or otherwise facilitate the collection of data on non-fatal cycling crashes based on police reports and, in either a systematic or periodic way, on hospital records.
- Authorities seeking to improve cyclists’ safety should adopt the Safe System approach - policy should focus on improving the inherent safety of the traffic system, not simply on securing marginal improvements for cyclists in an inherently unsafe system.
- Authorities should establish top-level plans for cycling and cycling safety and should ensure high-level coordination among relevant government agencies to ensure that cycling grows without aggravating safety performance.
- Speed management acts as “hidden infrastructure” protecting cyclists and should be included as an integral part of cycle safety strategies.
- Cyclists should not be the only target of cycling safety policies – motorists are at least as important to target.
- Where appropriate, traffic speeds should be limited to less than 30km/hr where bicycles and motorised traffic mix but care should be taken so that speed control devices do not create hazards for cyclists.
Financial and Economic Assessment of China’s High Speed Rail Investments
Discussion Paper,
1 December 2013
High Speed Rail Performance in France: From Appraisal Methodologies to Ex-post Evaluation
Discussion Paper,
1 December 2013
Better Regulation of Public-Private Partnerships for Transport Infrastructure
Roundtable Report, Policy Insights,
24 September 2013
- A mix of financing models spreads risks.
- A dedicated budget for PPPs, set in relation to the rate at which future liabilities will be accumulated, can provide such a limit.
- Explicit consideration of alternative financing arrangements should be employed in determining whether to proceed with PPP projects.
- It is recommended that governments require PPP projects to pass tests of affordability and to clear the hurdle rates of return generally applied to publicly financed transport projects.
- The expected cost of PPP projects should take account of cost inflation resulting from the propensity for projects to be renegotiated.
- At the individual project level, risks should be assigned to the party best able to manage them, along with rights to make related decisions.
- Assigning demand risk is not straightforward and risk sharing arrangements are therefore common.
- Continuity of resources and expertise is essential for addressing strategic behaviour and optimism bias more generally.
- Regulatory agencies are well placed to ensure transparency and accountability by publishing reports on the criteria employed to make decisions and publishing contracts.
Expanding Airport Capacity under Constraints in Large Urban Areas: The German Experience
Discussion Paper,
1 March 2013