Transport and Covid-19: responses and resources

Decarbonising Aviation: Exploring the Consequences


The international aviation sector has set a challenging goal to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2050. Reaching this target requires a substantial reduction in carbon emissions from aircraft and fuels as well as the implementation of regulatory instruments, which will impact costs that may translate to higher passenger and freight prices. As a result, changes in aviation demand growth projections could have broader implications for air connectivity, the tourism sector, equity, labour markets and the wider economy.

This report reviews decarbonisation policies and technologies to evaluate their consequences along different dimensions and offers policy insights for governments on how to achieve net-zero aviation while mitigating any adverse impacts on different stakeholders.

Policy Insights

  • Implement policies that support adoption of SAFs to safeguard benefits from aviation connectivity.
  • Preserve connectivity in remote, aviation-dependent areas.
  • Promote more sustainable forms of tourism - shorter distances, cleaner modes and longer stays.
  • Recognise that the costs of policies to decarbonise aviation are progressively distributed.
  • Ensure a just transition for the labour force as aviation decarbonises.

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